中国城乡二元工业化反差的理论解析

在我国,以乡镇企业为核心的农村工业化和城市工业化并存,形成了"二元工业化"格局.但是城乡二元工业化有着很大反差.对此反差进行理论解释的目的在于寻找减小这种反差的路径--进行制度创新、城乡工业合理分工、推动农村工业化进程、加快城镇化建设.     

股权分置改革前后上市公司绩效变化的研究

选取了177家股改公司,通过对股改前后绩效的分析发现:每股净资产在股改前后不存在显著差异;每股收益、资产利润率、净资产收益率均表现为股改后第一季度指标值显著高于股改前的指标值、股改后第二和三季度的指标值显著低于股改前的指标值、股改后第四季度的指标值与股改前的指标值没有显著差异,并对该结论进行了简单分析。     

When do MNCs fail to learn from prior failure experience?

Do multinational corporations (MNCs) learn from their prior failures in international joint ventures (IJVs)? When does decision makers’ cognitive inability hinder MNCs from learning through their prior failure experiences? In the context of IJV survival in subsequent IJV entries, this study compares predictions made from two distinct theoretical perspectives, both of which belong to the behavioural school in strategy literature. According to the performance feedback perspective, MNCs may effectively learn from their prior failure experiences gained in familiar decision‐making contexts. On the other hand, according to the cognitive bias perspective, MNCs may not be able to effectively learn from their prior failure experiences if they inaccurately interpret the causes of their prior failures. The results provide partial support for the notion that MNC decision makers may not be able to effectively learn from their prior failures because of their cognitive biases. Copyright © 2015 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Switching intention model development: Role of service performances,customer satisfaction,and switching barriers in the hotel industry

The intricate relationships among core service and service encounter performances, customer satisfaction, and switching barriers in the formation of satisfaction and switching intention were examined in this study. A field survey was conducted at upper-midscale hotels. The results of the structural analysis revealed that both core service and service encounter performances significantly affected customer satisfaction, and satisfaction completely mediated the effects of service performances on switching intention. In addition, findings from the tests for metric invariances indicated that components of switching barriers (switching costs, relational investment, and lack of alternatives’ attractiveness) moderated the relationships between satisfaction and switching intention. In particular, the role of satisfaction derived from service performances in decreasing hotel guests’ intention to switch is greater when they perceive high switching costs, relational investment, and lack of alternatives’ attractiveness. Based on study findings, theoretical and practical implications are identified and discussed.     

一种分层A~*路径搜索算法及性能

基于层次道路网提出了一种分层A*路径搜索算法,其特点是在同一层路网中采用A*算法,而在层次切换时采用一种启发式定向搜索入口节点的方法。既顾及了道路等级性和朝着目标行进等驾驶员的心理因素,又可以获得比传统算法更快的求解速度。实验表明,该算法是可行的、高效的。     

The economic and environmental performances of rural districts in Italy: Are competitiveness and sustainability compatible targets?

This paper analyses the economic performances of the rural system and the level of land sensitivity to degradation in Italy. Three indicators (district value added, share of agriculture on total product, and a composite index of land sensitivity) were used to classify 784 Italian local districts into eight performance classes. Four classes share a combination of high environmental quality (in terms of land degradation), high (or low) economic performances, and high (or low) productivity of the primary sector. The remaining four are characterised by a combination of low (and declining) environmental quality, high (or low) economic performances, and high (or low) productivity of the primary sector. The eight classes were grouped into four ‘environmental quality’ types and four ‘target performance’ categories to discriminate among high- and low-performance districts by considering twelve additional variables within a Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). 148 high environmental performance districts (18% of total) were identified mainly across the Alps and Apennine while 314 districts (41%) were classified in the lowest performance class and concentrated in flat areas of southern Italy. The districts with high environmental performances were characterised, on average, by medium to low district value added, moderately low economic weight of the primary sector, and tourism specialisation. Districts with high economic performances and low environmental performances were characterised by high sensitivity to LD, low district value added, high share of agriculture in total product, and the lowest productivity of labour in all economic sectors. In these districts the risk of entering a downward spiral of rural poverty and environmental degradation is potentially high.     

The Assimilative and Contrastive Effects of Word-of-Mouth Volume: An Experimental Examination of Online Consumer Ratings

The popularity of online rate-and-review websites has increased the importance of word-of-mouth (WOM) volume (number of ratings) yet the retail literature has not paid adequate attention to understanding its impact. This paper highlights WOM volume as a high-scope, decision-making cue upon which the influence of other WOM-relevant characteristics on a WOM message's persuability depends. We begin, via a pretest, by demonstrating the intuitive expectation that high volume, relative to low volume, accentuates or assimilates perceptions of positivity or negativity of WOM targets. Then, through two experimental studies, we show that depending upon how high volume interacts with WOM consensus and consumer decision precommitment, it can contrast preference away from the valence of a target also. In our third and final experimental study, we demonstrate that consumers differ in their susceptibility to the influence of high volume. Those with a higher desire to be different from others, compared to those with a higher desire to be similar, are resistant to high volume's assimilative sway and do not show the valence-accentuating effects demonstrated in the pretest. Retail managers and researchers should find these insights about the different roles of WOM volume beneficial.     

相似背景下的土地利用与经济发展数据相关分析——以武汉城市圈为例

相似情况下各城市的土地面积数据与经济数据相关分析,能为基于横向对比的土地利用数据预测提供参考。以武汉城市圈为研究对象,在相关性分析的基础上,构建土地与经济数据散点拟合模型,并探究模型相似性。研究结果表明:孝感市、黄冈市、咸宁市、仙桃市与天门市处于同一城市化水平,且此5个城市土地面积数据与经济数据的拟合模型具有很大相似性,其中5个城市的耕地数据与消费品零售总额数据拟合模型相似度最高。以此认为,基于相似性的横向对比完全可行。     

翻译法与交际法互补研究

翻译法和交际法是外语教学两种常用的方法.外语教学界关于这两种教学法的争论由来已久,比较翻译法和交际法有其各自的优点和缺点,教师在大学英语教学实践中应正确对待两种教学方法,努力做到各取其长,融合贯通,相互补充.     

The Impact of Innovativeness and Development Time on New Product Performance for Small Firms

Timing is becoming a new source of competitive advantage. The business press extols the benefits of faster product development. This paper examines whether competitive advantage can be gained by reducing development time across all types of new products or whether this advantage is restricted to certain types of new products. It proposes that product innovativeness moderates the relationship between development time and initial market performance. A survey of 110 small manufacturing firms in computer related industries supports the hypothesis. The survey findings indicate that a firm must guard against over- or under-development of the new product since product innovativeness was found to influence the impact of development time on market performance. The implications for managers are: beware of bringing a new product that is too much, too early or too little, too late.